A **complex number** is a number that can be expressed in the form **a + bi**,
where **a** and **b** are real numbers, and **i** is the imaginary unit,
satisfying **i² = -1**.
Real Part: The real number **a**.
Imaginary Part: The coefficient **b** of **i**.
Conjugate: If **z = a + bi**, its conjugate is **a - bi**.
Polar Form: A complex number can be represented as **r(cosθ + i sinθ)** or **r e^(iθ)**.